First Nations Languages in Canada
Languages Worldwide Of the approximately 6000 languages spoken worldwide, experts estimate that at least 3000 are under threat and this includes First Nations Languages. Up to 90% may actually disappear over the next century. A language becomes extinct when its speakers relocate and are required to speak the dominant language of their new region. This is usually to be able to get a job and become a functioning member of society. It can also become extinct when a more aggressive or economically stronger culture infiltrates its region and overruns the existing one. First Nations Languages Canadian Aboriginal languages have one of the worst survival records. Many Aboriginal languages are now extinct. This is mainly due to harsh assimilation policies and residential schools that prohibited students from using their mother tongue. Approximately 60 Aboriginal languages exist in Canada. Inuktitut, Cree and Ojibway are some of the healthiest of these languages, but even they are under threat. For example, in Nunavut, where 85% of the population is Inuit and speak a dialect of Inuktitut, 40% report that they are losing the ability to speak their mother tongue. Only 38% say they are fluent in reading and writing—but this is because Inuktitut is primarily an oral language. Clearly the survival of the language is at stake. Today in Nunavut, where the official language of the government is Inuktitut, a debate is developing over what should be done about the decline. On the one hand, some believe that Inuktitut should be preserved and argue that if the language is lost, Inuit culture will be lost as well. These people blame several factors. They...
